Thermometer

  • Posted: July 21st, 2012 - 12:46pm by Doug Powell

    Steaming hot right through is the new piping hot.

    Maybe it’s more scientific, in some alternative universe.

    Andrew Wadge, Mr. Science at the U.K. Food Standards Agency, gets it sorta right in his latest missive when he writes that it doesn’t matter where the beef comes from, hamburger caries a risk of E. coli, Salmonella and other bugs.

    “Our advice for burgers made from any type of meat therefore continues to be the same as for cuts of pork; they should always be cooked until steaming hot right through.”

    Science Man also says it’s “safe to eat rare beef or lamb steak because searing the outside surface of a piece of steak, such as when cooked rare, will kill any bugs that might have contaminated the outside.”

    But that doesn’t account for the potential risk from blade-tenderized cuts.

    And hamburger can be pink and safe. Color is a lousy indicator. Use a thermometer and stick it in. It’s science-based.

     

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  • Posted: June 30th, 2012 - 7:16pm by Doug Powell

    I don’t know any food microbiologists who eat raw oysters; they may exist, but maybe I only know the drunks and they know better than to play with Vibrio and its liver-specific toxins.

    And every time we post something about raw oysters, producers and government-types say we have no idea what we’re talking about – and provide no data.

    So this isn’t me, it’s from the Washington state department of health via Seattlepi, which is telling Washingtonians to thoroughly cook their oysters.

    The department says that cooking shellfish until the shells open is not enough for kill harmful bacteria.

    Summer's warmer temperatures mean that levels of the bacteria Vibrio parahaemolyticus increase in state waters. Eating an oyster with the Vibrio bacteria can lead to diarrhea, stomach cramps, nausea, vomiting, headache, fever, and chills. It says that symptoms usually appear within 12-24 hours after eating infected shellfish and usually last from two to seven days.

    The department recommends oysters should be cooked to an internal temperature of 145 degrees for at least 15 seconds to thoroughly kill the bacteria.

    Yes, I temp my oysters with a thermometer. Because I know a few drunks and don’t want to kill them.

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  • Posted: June 30th, 2012 - 6:33pm by Doug Powell

    What better excuse to air one of the best – and most disturbing – videos by Canada’s Tragically Hip in honor of Canada Day (July 1) than a study of food being violated by temperature in the trunk of your car.

    This study assessed the potential microbial hazard posed by temperature increases on refrigerated and frozen food stored in car trunk exposed to sunlight. The internal temperatures in the trunk and of food items (egg, milk, tofu, fresh meat, and frozen meat) stored in it during summer were measured at 10 min intervals for up to 3 h (12:00 PM to 15:00 PM). Trunk temperature steadily increased from 32.3 °C up to 41.5 °C, with longer exposure times. Food temperature also increased substantially during this period, reaching 33.5 °C (frozen meat), 35.3 °C (milk), 35.6 °C (tofu), 37.0 °C (egg), and 38.4 °C (fresh meat). Cloud cover and solar radiation affected car and food temperature, with lower cover and higher radiation associated with higher food temperatures (7.1 °C higher in the car trunk when compared to a situation of extensive cloud cover and low radiation, and 6.9 °C higher for eggs, 5.9 °C for milk, 5.0 °C for tofu, and 7.4 °C and 5.5 °C for fresh and frozen meat, respectively). The temperature of refrigerated foods (egg, milk, and fresh meat) reached 20 °C within 40 min (tofu: 60 min) and 30 °C within 90–110 min (tofu: 130 min). The temperature of frozen meat reached to danger zone (5–60 °C), which is associated with bacterial growth, after 90 min.

    Consumers should therefore realize the importance of time–temperature control, particularly in warm and sunny weather. Purchased foods should be transferred to a refrigerated environment as fast as possible, and the car trunk should be avoided. The present results can be used for consumer education, contributing to the recognition of the importance of food safety.

    Highlights

    ► The temperature of foods stored in car trunk exposed to sunlight can increase severely. ► Refrigerated foods’ (fresh meat, egg, and milk) temperature quickly reached 20 °C within 40 min ► Frozen meat reached danger zone (5–60 °C) temperatures after 90 min in the car trunk. ► Cloud cover and solar radiation affected car and food temperature.

    Temperature increase of foods in car trunk and the potential hazard for microbial growth
    Food Control, Volume 29, Issue 1, January 2013, Pages 66–70
    S.A. Kim, S.J. Yun, S.H. Lee, I.G. Hwang, M.S. Rhee
    http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S095671351200299X

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  • Posted: June 30th, 2012 - 5:38am by Doug Powell

    It’s hamburger porn season, even in Sydney, and the advice is worse than ever.

    I have low expectations of Rachel Ray and other celebtards; the N.Y. Times has now continued its long history of food safety fashion over facts by promoting the finger-the-meat method of determining whether meat is cooked.

    From a previous article, recycled in the terrible Times piece, about how to test for raw: Open the palm of your hand. Relax the hand. Take the index finger of your other hand and push on the fleshy area between the thumb and the base of the palm. Make sure your hand is relaxed. This is what raw meat feels like.

    Newspapers are rapidly irrelevant. This is what Johnny Cash and I think about fingering your meat (below). Stick it in. Use a thermometer.

     

     

     

     

     

     

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  • Posted: June 20th, 2012 - 3:27pm by Doug Powell

    bites.stick_.it_.in_.jpg

    There’s a 10-minute segment of Gordon Ramsey determining food is appropriately cooked by color and fingers (although some of the pieces were so ridiculously raw even I could have fingered the meat and concluded it was raw).

    After the chef-wannabes repeatedly fail to meet expectations of their daddy, one chef decides to use a thermometer to make sure she gets it right.

    “A thermometer. The day we need that to cook a breast of chicken -- you, get out.”

    I have no idea why people watch this crap, although we all have our own crap, and as master salesmen Herb Tarlek said decades ago, tacky sells. Thanks to my military friend for sending it along.

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  • Posted: June 15th, 2012 - 4:56am by Doug Powell

     I like gray food. Sometimes.

    Pot roast, gravy, mushy peas, mashed potatoes – it’s comfort food for the Brisbane winter (high 70F, low 48F).

    It’s gray. And piping hot.

    But I also like hamburgers that aren’t hockey pucks, pork that isn’t leather, poultry that melts rather than substitute as a rubber ball.

    To cook many foods safely without overcooking requires a tip-sensitive digital meat thermometer.

    But, the Brits are the Brits, and once again, the best government communications types can come up with is, cook food until it’s piping hot.

    This time it’s the Health Protection Agency, which issued one of those completely ineffectual food safety reminders as part of the taxpayer-funded Food Safety Week – another way to blame consumers if they get sick.

    Among the helpful tips:

    “Ensure that you cook/BBQ meat until it is piping hot – particularly poultry, as this will kill off any bacteria.

    Dr Bob Adak, an expert in gastrointestinal disease at the HPA, said: “Bacteria can survive in all kinds of environments and can grow and spread rapidly given the opportunity. But you can combat this by cooking meat correctly to kill any bacteria that may be present and using hot soap and water when washing up and wiping surfaces thoroughly to eliminate harmful bacteria and reduce the risk of infection.”

    Where can I buy some of this hot soap?

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  • Posted: June 12th, 2012 - 4:00pm by Doug Powell

    Celebrity chefs still know squat about food safety.

    Ten years after we showed the majority of celebrity chefs were food safety imbeciles, foodie fanaticism (and fascism) continues unabated, with fashion still triumphing over facts. And it’s getting worse.

    I don’t watch The View, the U.S. chat-fest and I don’t watch the Australian version, The Circle; both are often on at the same time as The Flintstones, so that’s some competitive background viewing (watching the Stanley Cup final live at 10 a.m. yesterday made for excellent background viewing).

    Sarah Hubbart at Meatingplace.com did however catch The View on June 6, 2012, when Rachel Ray visited the ladies to chat up her new burger cookbook.

    Whoopi: When meat is red like this, pink, it’s OK, right?

    Rachel: I think people should be better educated about where their food comes from. If you want to eat meat, buy it once in awhile, buy really good quality, and know where it comes from … a lot of the ground beef scares we’ve had are from pre-made patties, mass-produced burgers.

    Whoopi: so this is OK?

    Rachel: Absolutely, 100 per cent; we made that grind ourselves. If you know the quality of your meat and buy something that says organic or grass-fed, you’re going to be fine if you like your burger a little pinker. … depending on what you’re cooking with, obviously you don’t want a rare turkey burger.

    Obviously, Rachel is a victim of food fashion.

    Hubbart got it right when she said all ground beef must be cooked to reach an internal temperature of 160F in order to kill bacteria and that color is a lousy indicator of safety.

    Hubbart added, “I like how this beef producer put it: “Whether the beef is fed grass, hay, corn, soybean meal, or Krispy Kreme donuts also has nothing to do with the safety of the hamburger. Whether the beef is processed in a large facility, local butcher shop, or at home the same rules apply.”

    References available through http://barfblog.foodsafety.ksu.edu/blog/140235/09/06/22/where-does-e-coli-o157h7-come-food-inc-and-cookie-dough-versions and http://www.foodsafety.ksu.edu/en/article-details.php?a=3&c=10&sc=74&id=271.

    Bad food safety advice abounds, from many sources. I know celebrity chefs are there to entertain but is it that difficult to get it right?

    People watch this stuff, they buy the cookbooks, so the celebtards say what they want while depositing another cheque.

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  • Posted: June 9th, 2012 - 2:34am by Doug Powell

    Amy likes her lamb; and she likes it rare.

    I'm ambivalent. But when I do cook lamb, which is abundant in Australia, I always use a tip-sensitive digital thermometer to make sure it gets to at least 140F and not overcook.

    I worry about the worms.

    Toxoplasmosis doesn't grab the headlines the way salmonella or E. coli outbreaks do, but new research suggests that some organic meats may be more likely to carry this parasite, which can then be transmitted to consumers who eat these meats, if undercooked.

    Cari Nierenberg of My Health News Daily reports the authors of a paper published online May 22 in the journal Clinical Infectious Diseases write, "The new trend in the production of free-range, organically raised meat could increase the risk of Toxoplasma gondii contamination of meat.”

    The researchers point out that eating undercooked meat — whether organic or conventionally raised — especially pork, lamb and wild game such as venison, is one of the main ways people become infected with the toxoplasma parasite. People can also contract the infection by not washing raw fruits and vegetables, which may have come in contact with soil contaminated by cat feces.

    Cats can spread toxoplasmosis after eating other infected animals and then passing the parasite along in their feces. This can contaminate not only home litter boxes, but the soil or water if a cat goes outside.

    Although perhaps as many as one in five Americans carry the parasite, few people have symptoms because the immune system in healthy people does a good job of preventing T. gondii from causing illness. Toxoplasmosis presents more of a threat to pregnant women and people with a weakened immune system, especially if they change cat litter boxes or touch contaminated soil when gardening.

    The new research reviews the foods most likely to carry the parasite, and how people can prevent becoming sickened by it. The foods with the greatest chance of carrying toxoplasmosis parasites in the U.S. include raw ground beef or rare lamb; unpasteurized goat's milk; locally produced cured, dried or smoked meat; and raw oysters, clams or mussels.

    Growing consumer demand for "free-range" and "organically raised" meats, especially pork and poultry, will probably increase the prevalence of T. gondii when people undercook and eat these foods, according to the study's authors, Dr. Jeffrey Jones, of the parasitic diseases branch of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and J.P. Dubey, of the USDA's Animal Parasitic Disease Laboratory.

    That's because as more pigs or chickens are raised in less confined, more animal- friendly environments, they have greater access to grass, soil, feed or water that may be in contact with infected cat feces, or to rodents or wildlife infected with T. gondii.

    Compared with chickens raised indoors, the prevalence of the parasite in free-range chickens is much higher, anywhere from 17 percent up to 100 percent, in some estimates. (But the risk is low for chicken eggs, the authors noted.)

    Other research has shown that more organically raised pigs have tested positive for T. gondii than conventionally raised pigs.

    Sheep also have a higher likelihood of being contaminated with toxoplasma, as do game meats such as deer, elk, moose and wild pig. Beef and dairy products have not yet played a main role in transmitting the infection, except for eating raw or undercooked ground beef.

    "Toxoplasmosis in an under-recognized source of food-borne illness and attracts little public attention," said Douglas Powell, a professor of food safety at Kansas State University in Manhattan, Kan. "People are not as familiar with this parasite, so we think it doesn't happen much," he explained.

    Yet, toxoplasmosis is one of five "neglected parasitic diseases" targeted by the CDC as a public health priority.

    By one recent U.S. estimate, toxoplasmosis was the second-leading cause of food-borne illness deaths (salmonella is first), claiming more than 300 lives a year. The parasite was also responsible for more than 4,000 hospitalizations annually, ranking it fourth among food pathogens.

    As consumers shift their eating preferences, whether it's to organic foods or to less-processed foods, the microbial risks are altered, Powell said. "Whatever food- production system we come up with, some 'bugs' will find a way to adapt and flourish. So the key is continual vigilance."

     

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  • Posted: June 6th, 2012 - 6:24am by Doug Powell

    Intertubes have prevented so many bar fights.

    In the past, someone would assert John Fogerty was singing, “There’s a bathroom on the right,” when he was really singing, “There’s a bad moon on the rise.”

    Now, check the web, lyrics are there, punches avoided. But arguments in the absence of data continue, predominantly on dumb cooking shows.

    The MasterChef franchise has extended to Australia and New Zealand. I don’t watch it but saw this story from the New Zealand Herald where the eliminated contestant made protestations that his chicken was perfect, while the judges disagreed.

    “Controversial MasterChef contestant Tony Price has hit out at the reality show's judges after he was eliminated for serving "slightly undercooked" chicken.

    “Price was told he was being sent home after last night's tense cookbook challenge because his spicy Spanish chicken dish was undercooked.

    But Price - who sparked a nationwide debate about "narking" after dobbing in two contestants for cheating in last week's Singapore-based challenge - today told nzherald.co.nz his chicken dish was "cooked to perfection."

    "I knew then that I didn't serve undercooked chicken and I still know now that it wasn't undercooked," he said.

    "It was moist all the way through. It was in an oven at 200 degrees for 35 minutes - that's after I'd browned it off in a pan - then it went into a resting oven for another 30 minutes at 70 degrees.

    "It can't not have been cooked - it's a matter of physics and maths."

    Price, an Auckland resident who is now cooking fulltime, said the judges should have criticised him for putting them at risk of salmonella - a food bug which can be caught by eating raw chicken.

    "If (chicken) isn't cooked, you can't eat it. That's a black and white thing. If it wasn't cooked through enough to get me eliminated, they should have been slamming me for having put them in a dangerous situation (because) they ate so much of it.

    There’s an easy, data-based solution: use a tip-sensitive digital thermometer.

    I have no idea what narking or dobbing mean.  

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  • Posted: June 6th, 2012 - 5:06am by Doug Powell

    The weather is perfect, highs of 68F, lows of 50F and nothing but sun. I walk around in shorts. Everyone else, including Amy, is freezing. I’m planning a year in shorts.

    Lunch today was accompanied by the Love Boat’s Captain Stubbing tap dancing in the background as we dug into some goldband snapper, prawns, roasted red peppers, sweet corn, home fries and accessories.

    Everything was cooked on the grill but I overdid the prawns. However, the snapper was a thermometer verified 125F when I pulled it off, rising after that, and topped with Tahitian-lime-mint-garlic butter. And this is winter.

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