Other Microorganisms

  • Posted: July 5th, 2012 - 7:43am by Doug Powell

    Animal researchers want dog owners in Calgary to scoop up their pets’ poop and pass it on for a study examining gastrointestinal parasites.

    Researcher Anya Smith says she hopes to find out how parasites are passed between dogs and other wild animals such as coyotes and rodents in urban parks.

    In exchange for handing over their doggy doo, owners will get lab results detailing the health of their animals.

     

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  • Posted: July 5th, 2012 - 1:10am by Doug Powell

    I’ve got a thing for the Danes.

    The kid is named Sorenne.

    But a new study in the Archives of General Psychiatry concludes that Danish women infected with the toxoplasmosis parasite were 1.5 times more likely to attempt suicide than their toxo-free counterparts.

    Slate reports that when humans get infected—more often from rare meat and unwashed veggies than from cat boxes—the parasite settles into our muscles and brains and stays there, hidden from the immune system in protective cysts. About a third of people in developed countries are toxo carriers. The conventional medical wisdom is that toxo causes a brief mono-like illness in otherwise healthy people and becomes dormant thereafter.

    However, a growing body of research suggests that toxo can subtly affect human behavior. Carriers are, then, more likely to try to kill themselves, and nearly three times more likely to die in car accidents.

    The effects of toxoplasmosis vary by gender in rats and humans. Infected male rats become markedly more impulsive, females not as much. A series of small studies that compared personality tests in carriers and noncarriers found that men with toxoplasmosis were more “expedient, suspicious, jealous, and dogmatic,” whereas female carriers were warmer and more conscientious.

     

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  • Posted: June 22nd, 2012 - 6:04am by Doug Powell

    Bill Stanley, an 83-year-old six-term county commissioner from North Carolina, had breakfast at the Crowne Plaza Hotel in Northeast Portland last July.

    As reported by Lynne Terry of The Oregonian, Stanley was in town for a nationwide meeting of county commissioners but become violently ill several hours after breakfast.

    According to a state outbreak investigation, was one of seven people sickened after breakfast that morning at. All of them ate eggs benedict. An eighth person, who ordered eggs benedict but had the hollandaise sauce on the side and didn't consume it, felt fine.

    No one else got sick, pointing to the hollandaise sauce as the culprit.

    Oregon heath officials couldn't test it for pathogens, however. The hotel threw it away after breakfast service.

    But lab tests confirmed that Stanley -- and another person hospitalized in the outbreak -- were sickened by a strain of Staphylococcus aureus, a bacterium commonly found on the skin and in the noses of healthy people. Certain strains produce toxins that can spark quick and acute gastrointestinal symptoms.

    The same strain was found in a nasal swab of one of the food workers at Crowne Plaza.

    Dr. Mathieu Tourdjman, lead Oregon epidemiologist investigating the outbreak, said the sauce became toxic because it was not kept hot enough.

    Unlike many other pathogens, the toxins produced by Staph cannot be killed by cooking. The only way to prevent foodborne Staph infections is by thorough hand washing and proper cooking. Food safety advocates recommend keeping cooked food warm at 140 degrees Fahrenheit or more.

    The temperature of the hollandaise sauce was not monitored by kitchen staff at Crowne Plaza, Tourdjman found.

    The outbreak shocked the hotel, according to general manager Ziggy Lopuszynski, who said the hotel has taken the hollandaise sauce off the menu.

    Stanley is suing for medical expenses of nearly $14,000 and $26,000 in noneconomic damages. The hotel has balked at the settlement.

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  • Posted: June 16th, 2012 - 5:35am by Doug Powell

    Officials are looking into the possibility that six confirmed cases of cryptosporium are related to the recent Farmfest event in New York.

    WKTV News reports the Oneida County Department of Health has advised school nurses and the administrations of all school districts who attended the event of the reported cases. There are letters going out to parents in the two schools districts that have reported cases of the disease among their students.

     

    Oneida County officials have been in contact and consultation with the New York State Department of Health and have jointly concluded that at this time there is no ongoing public health threat.

     

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  • Posted: June 11th, 2012 - 11:26pm by Doug Powell

    The California Department of Public Health (CDPH) Director and State Public Health Officer Dr. Ron Chapman today warned consumers not to eat soups from One Gun Ranch and Organic Soup Kitchen because they may have been improperly produced, making them susceptible to Clostridium botulinum.

    Ingestion of botulinum toxin from improperly processed canned foods may lead to serious illness and death. No illnesses have been linked to any of the affected products at this time.

    One Gun Ranch, a Malibu company, manufactured the following varieties of soups: Campfire Kitchen Cauliflower Soup, Heirloom Tomato Fennel Gaspacho Soup, Sequoia’s Skinny Spiced Coconut, Parsnip, and Turmeric Soup, Ossian’s Pumpkin Stew, and Freddy’s Firegrilled Meatballs. The soups were sold in 16-ounce glass jars with screw-on metal lids. Photographs of the affected soups’ packaging and labels are available on the CDPH website.

    The soups were only sold at Pacific Palisades Farmers Market located at Swarthmore Avenue and Sunset Blvd., Pacific Palisades, CA on May 13, 2012 and June 3, 2012.

    Organic Soup Kitchen, a Santa Barbara company, manufactured the following soups: Fire Roasted Yam, Curried Potato Leek, Curry Lentil Bisque, Tomato Bean and Wild Herb, and Mediterranean Chipotle Chili. The soups were sold under the Organic Soup Kitchen label and are packaged in one-quart glass jars with screw-on metal lids. Photographs of the affected soups’ packaging and labels are available on the CDPH website.

    The soups were sold between June 6, 2011 and May 6, 2012, at the following farmers markets:

    Calabasas Farmers Market located at Calabasas Road and El Canon Avenue, Calabasas, CA 91302 (Saturdays)
    Studio City Farmers Market located at Ventura Place between Laurel Canyon Boulevard and Radford Avenue, Studio City, CA 91604 (Sundays)

    CDPH is working with both companies to ensure these products are no longer available for sale.

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  • Posted: June 9th, 2012 - 2:34am by Doug Powell

    Amy likes her lamb; and she likes it rare.

    I'm ambivalent. But when I do cook lamb, which is abundant in Australia, I always use a tip-sensitive digital thermometer to make sure it gets to at least 140F and not overcook.

    I worry about the worms.

    Toxoplasmosis doesn't grab the headlines the way salmonella or E. coli outbreaks do, but new research suggests that some organic meats may be more likely to carry this parasite, which can then be transmitted to consumers who eat these meats, if undercooked.

    Cari Nierenberg of My Health News Daily reports the authors of a paper published online May 22 in the journal Clinical Infectious Diseases write, "The new trend in the production of free-range, organically raised meat could increase the risk of Toxoplasma gondii contamination of meat.”

    The researchers point out that eating undercooked meat — whether organic or conventionally raised — especially pork, lamb and wild game such as venison, is one of the main ways people become infected with the toxoplasma parasite. People can also contract the infection by not washing raw fruits and vegetables, which may have come in contact with soil contaminated by cat feces.

    Cats can spread toxoplasmosis after eating other infected animals and then passing the parasite along in their feces. This can contaminate not only home litter boxes, but the soil or water if a cat goes outside.

    Although perhaps as many as one in five Americans carry the parasite, few people have symptoms because the immune system in healthy people does a good job of preventing T. gondii from causing illness. Toxoplasmosis presents more of a threat to pregnant women and people with a weakened immune system, especially if they change cat litter boxes or touch contaminated soil when gardening.

    The new research reviews the foods most likely to carry the parasite, and how people can prevent becoming sickened by it. The foods with the greatest chance of carrying toxoplasmosis parasites in the U.S. include raw ground beef or rare lamb; unpasteurized goat's milk; locally produced cured, dried or smoked meat; and raw oysters, clams or mussels.

    Growing consumer demand for "free-range" and "organically raised" meats, especially pork and poultry, will probably increase the prevalence of T. gondii when people undercook and eat these foods, according to the study's authors, Dr. Jeffrey Jones, of the parasitic diseases branch of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and J.P. Dubey, of the USDA's Animal Parasitic Disease Laboratory.

    That's because as more pigs or chickens are raised in less confined, more animal- friendly environments, they have greater access to grass, soil, feed or water that may be in contact with infected cat feces, or to rodents or wildlife infected with T. gondii.

    Compared with chickens raised indoors, the prevalence of the parasite in free-range chickens is much higher, anywhere from 17 percent up to 100 percent, in some estimates. (But the risk is low for chicken eggs, the authors noted.)

    Other research has shown that more organically raised pigs have tested positive for T. gondii than conventionally raised pigs.

    Sheep also have a higher likelihood of being contaminated with toxoplasma, as do game meats such as deer, elk, moose and wild pig. Beef and dairy products have not yet played a main role in transmitting the infection, except for eating raw or undercooked ground beef.

    "Toxoplasmosis in an under-recognized source of food-borne illness and attracts little public attention," said Douglas Powell, a professor of food safety at Kansas State University in Manhattan, Kan. "People are not as familiar with this parasite, so we think it doesn't happen much," he explained.

    Yet, toxoplasmosis is one of five "neglected parasitic diseases" targeted by the CDC as a public health priority.

    By one recent U.S. estimate, toxoplasmosis was the second-leading cause of food-borne illness deaths (salmonella is first), claiming more than 300 lives a year. The parasite was also responsible for more than 4,000 hospitalizations annually, ranking it fourth among food pathogens.

    As consumers shift their eating preferences, whether it's to organic foods or to less-processed foods, the microbial risks are altered, Powell said. "Whatever food- production system we come up with, some 'bugs' will find a way to adapt and flourish. So the key is continual vigilance."

     

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  • Posted: June 3rd, 2012 - 1:36pm by Doug Powell

    Some 83 tourists were hospitalized Wednesday due to an outbreak of food poisoning in the seaside city of Bodrum, about 790 km south of Turkey's Istanbul.

    A provincial health director said that the tourists had been diagnosed with nausea and heavy stomach aches.

    Officials from Food, Agriculture and Animal Breeding ministry took samples of the food and drinks that the tourists might have consumed.

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  • Posted: June 3rd, 2012 - 12:04pm by Doug Powell

    The British media has a microbiology problem. Anything that causes illness is routinely labeled a virus or superbug. It happens daily.

    Today’s winner is South Wales Argus, which called cryptosporidium a virus, while reporting that an outbreak linked to a Welsh farm that sickened 10 people appears to be over.

    Tests showed those who were ill had the same strain of the parasite, cryptosporidium, as lambs and kid goats at Greenmeadow community farm, Cwmbran.

    Dr. Lika Nehaul, consultant in communicable disease control, said Public Health Wales is confident the removal of the affected animals has removed the source, and the outbreak can be declared over.

    "Nine of those who were unwell were staff or volunteers who had fed the animals by hand," he said.

    "Only one case was in a visitor. In the time between the kid goats and lambs arriving at the farm and the last case being confirmed, there had been almost 7,000 visitors, which will reassure the public that the risk was extremely small.”

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  • Posted: June 3rd, 2012 - 11:22am by Doug Powell

    Cases of cryptosporidium are almost four times higher than last year across parts of the U.K., with 267 sick, prompting an investigation by the Health Protection Agency.

    A possible source of infection has not been identified although the distribution of cases suggests it is unlikely that public water supplies are implicated.

    The majority of people who became unwell are known to be adults with slightly more females than males affected. Most people affected had a mild to moderate form of illness but a small number of people were hospitalised – all have now recovered.

    A 'handful' of people have been admitted to hospital and have now recovered, a spokesman for the HPA said.

    In April, Canadian officials warned that parsley had become contaminated with cryptosporidium, although no one was sick.

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  • Posted: May 30th, 2012 - 8:55pm by Doug Powell

    When I think Best Western, I think free wi-fi.

    Maybe I should be thinking, cleaner rooms.

    There’s a certain snobbery about hotel rooms similar to restaurants: dives are dirty, fancy ones are clean.

    Decades of restaurant inspection data show bacteria and other bugs don’t discriminate; they’re equal-opportunity contaminants. Data from hotels is starting to show the same (don’t let the bed bugs bite).

    The best thing about Best Western is they’re marketing cleanliness. Just like food providers should be doing.

    USA Today reports Best Western Hotels, in response to what it says is travelers' insistence on cleanliness, is equipping its housekeeping crews with black lights to detect biological matter otherwise unseen by the human eye, and ultraviolet light wands to zap it.

    For possibly the dirtiest object in your room — the TV remote control — there will be disposable wraps.

    Best Western says it's taking the steps partly because research from Booz & Company shows that travelers desire a hotel's cleanliness over customer service, style and design.

    But it's also reacting to the times, in which hotels and supermarkets place hand sanitizer in visible places for germ-obsessed customers (Australia, you paying attention yet?).

    People also have become more skeptical about cleanliness because of headlines about E. coli, norovirus and bird flu, says Ron Pohl, a Best Western vice president.

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